The Montreal Declaration Against Animal Exploitation is the result of the initiative of three researchers from the Groupe de recherche en environnement et animale (GRÉEA), affiliated with the Centre de recherche en éthique (CRÉ), in Montreal.

More than 400 academics from over 40 countries, specializing in moral and political philosophy, proclaim the fundamental unjust nature of animal exploitation, based on the current state of knowledge in their field of expertise.

« We condemn all practices that involve treating animals as things or commodities. To the extent that it involves unnecessary violence and harm, we declare that animal exploitation is unjust and morally indefensible. »

To attend the launch on Tuesday, October 4, 2022, with Martin Gibert, Valéry Giroux and François Jaquet and watch the surprise video, it’s here.

This statement ethically echoes the Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness, stating that « converging evidence indicates that non-human animals possess the neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and neurophysiological substrates of conscious states as well as the capacity to engage in intentional behavior. »

The signatories state that the main arguments used to support animal exploitation do not have the relevance required to justify it morally. This is particularly true of arguments based on the sophisticated cognitive abilities of humans.

« An individual’s ability to compose symphonies, to make advanced mathematical calculations, or to project into the distant future, however admirable, does not affect the consideration due to his or her interest in experiencing pleasure and freedom from pain. The interests of the more intelligent among us are not more important than the equivalent interests of the less intelligent. To hold otherwise would be to rank individuals according to a faculty that has no moral relevance. »

Although their work is rooted in diverse philosophical traditions, these scholars thus agree on the condemnation of speciesism and the need to profoundly transform our relationships with other animals by ending their exploitation. Such a position, once held by a few people particularly sensitive to the fate of animals, is now supported for the first time by hundreds of researchers who have dedicated their careers to ethical reflection.

The signatories are in favor of closing down slaughterhouses, ending fishing and developing plant-based agriculture, but they admit lucidly that, even if it is « the only collective horizon that is both realistic and just, » such a project will require « abandoning deep-seated speciesist habits and profoundly transforming some of our institutions.

In 2022, the Montreal Declaration on Animal Exploitation is certainly a milestone in the philosophically supported recognition of non-human animals.

If you are a researcher in moral or political philosophy, you can sign the Declaration here.

Signatories of the Montreal Declaration on Animal Exploitation

Last update October 9th, 2022 (535 signatories)

1. 1. Elisa Aaltola, Senior Research Fellow, University of Turku, Finland
   2. Cheryl Abbate, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
   3. Ruth Abbey, Professor and Researcher in Political Theory, Swinburne University
   4. Ralph Acampora, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Hofstra University
   5. Carol Adams, Author, The Sexual Politics of Meat, Independent scholar
   6. Aliya Affdal, Researcher in Bioethics, University of Montreal
   7. Reshef Agam-Segal, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Virginia Military Institute
   8. Karim Akerma, Doctor, Independant
   9. Fırat Akova, PhD, University of Warwick
   10. Frauke Albersmeier, Researcher in Animal Ethics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
   11. Sandra Alexander, Assistant Professor of Humanities, American University in Dubai
   12. Michael Allen, Professor, East Tennessee State University
   13. Ozan Altan Altinok, Post Doctoral Researcher in Philosophy and Ethics of Science in Practice, Center for Ethics and Law in Life Sciences, Leibniz University of Hannover
   14. Bertha Alvarez Manninen, Professor of Philosophy, Arizona State University
   15. Carlo Alvaro, Associate Professor of Philosophy, CUNY
   16. Mahesh Ananth, Professor of Philosophy, Indiana University 
   17. Dave Anctil, Chercheur en technophilosophie, Observatoire internationale sur l’IA et le numérique (OBVIA, Université de Laval)
   18. Emil Andersson, Postdoctoral Fellow, McGill University
   19. Jacy Reese Anthis, Sociologist, co-founder of the Sentience Institute, Sentience Institute
   20. Françoise Armengaud, Docteur en philosophie, Ex-Maître de conférences Université de Paris-Ouest-Nanterre
   21. Véronique Armstrong, Doctorante en éthique animale et environnementale, Université de Montréal
   22. Mike Ashfield, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Utah State University
   23. Michael Ashooh, Lecturer, University of Vermont
   24. Nikolaos Asproulis, Academic Associate, Volos Academy for Theological Studies, Greece
   25. Peter Atterton, Professor of Philosophy, San Diego State University
   26. Robin Attfield, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, Cardiff University
   27. Iván Darío Ávila Gaitán, Postdoctoral Researcher in Animal Ethics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia – ILECA – CIFECT
   28. Alisabeth Ayars, Assistant Professor, University of British Columbia
   29. Christiane Bailey, Coordinatrice Centre de justice sociale, Université Concordia
   30. Normand Baillargeon, Philosophie de l’Éducation, Le Devoir
   31. Liv Baker, Animal Behavior and Wellbeing Scientist, Hunter College, CUNY
   32. Jonathan Balcombe, Author on animal sentience, Self-affiliated
   33. Dylan Balfour, PhD Student in Philosophy, University of Edinburgh
   34. Isabel Balza, Senior Lecturer of Moral Philosophy, University of Jaén, Spain
   35. Anne Baril, Lecturer in Philosophy, Washington University in St. Louis
   36. Jeremy Barris, Professor in Philosophy, Marshall University
   37. Robert Bass, Adjunct Full Professor, University of North Carolina at Pembroke        
   38. Piers Beirne, Emeritus Professor of Sociology and Legal Studies and Author, University of Southern Maine, USA
   39. Sofia Belardinelli, PhD Student in Environmental Ethics, University of Naples Federico II 
   40. Jeremy Bendik-Keymer, Professor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University
   41. Amélie Benedikt, Professor in Ethics, Texas State University 
   42. Joshua Beneite-Martí, Profesor asociado de Filosofía, Universitat de València
   43. Rod Bennison, Independent Scholar, Chair and Founder Minding Animals International
   44. Paige Benton, Researcher in AI Ethics and Moral and Political Philosophy, University of Pretoria, South Africa
   45. Brian Berkey, Associate Professor, University of Pennsylvania
   46. John Berkman, Professor of Moral Theology, Regis College, University of Toronto
   47. Justin Bernstein, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
   48. Asha Bhandary, Political Philosopher / Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Iowa    
   49. Federico Bina, PhD Candidate in Moral Philosophy and Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 
   50. Faith Bjalobok, Professor of Philosophy, Duquesne University 
   51. Charlotte Blattner, Senior Lecturer and Researcher, Institute for Public Law, University of Bern, Switzerland
   52. Olle Blomberg, Researcher in practical Philosophy, University of Gothenburg
   53. Chris Bobonich, CI Lewis Professor of Philosophy, Stanford University
   54. Miranda Boldrini, Postdoctoral Researcher in Ethics, Université Saint-Louis, Bruxelles 
   55. Alcino Eduardo Bonella, Professor of Ethics, University of Uberlândia, Brazil
   56. Julia Borcherding, Associate Professor, University of Cambridge 
   57. Leonie N. Bossert, Animal ethicist, University of Tübingen
   58. Mylène Botbol-Baum, Professeure de philosophie et de bioéthique, Université catholique de Louvain
   59. Chiara Bottici, Associate Professor in Philosophy, The New School
   60. François Boucher, Chercheur en éthique et philosophie politique, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
   61. Michel Bourban, Chercheur en éthique et philosophie politique, University of Warwick
   62. Bernice Bovenkerk, Associate Professor of Animal and Environmental Ethics, Wageningen University 
   63. Philip Brey, Full Professor in Philosophy and Ethics of Technology, University of Twente
   64. Nicole Broadbent, Researcher on wildlife Ethics and conservation, University of Johannesburg
   65. David G. Brooks, Associate Professor (Honorary), University of Sydney
   66. Teya Brooks Pribac, Researcher in Animal Subjectivity, Independent
   67. Huub Brouwer, Assistant Professor of Ethics and Political Philosophy, Tilburg University
   68. Etienne Brown, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, San Jose State University
   69. Heather Browning, Lecturer in Philosophy, University of Southampton
   70. Eyja M. Brynjarsdottir, Professor of Philosophy, University of Iceland
   71. Florence Burgat, Directrice de recherche, Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, France
   72. Nick Byrd, Philosopher and Scientist, Stevens Institute of Technology 
   73. Philip Cafaro, Professor of Philosophy, Colorado State University
   74. Matthew Calarco, Professor, California State University
   75. Cheshire Calhoun, Professor of Philosophy, Arizona State University
   76. Paco Calvo, Professor of Philosophy of Science, Universidad de Murcia
   77. Douglas Campbell, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, Researcher of Human Altruism, University of Canterbury, New Zealand 
   78. Deborah Cao, Professor in Animal Law and Ethics, Griffith University, Australia
   79. Silvia Caprioglio Panizza, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Researcher in Ethics, University of Pardubice
   80. Adam Cardilini, Lecturer in Environmental Science, Deakin University
   81. Brian Carey, Assistant Professor in Political Theory, Durham University
   82. Erik Carlson, Professor in practical Philosophy, Uppsala University
   83. Petra Carlsson Redell, Professor, Stockholm School of Theology
   84. Paula Casal, Full Professor, ICREA and Pompeu Fabra University 
   85. Jodey Castricano, Professor Critical Animal Studies, University of British Columbia
   86. Clinton Castro, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Florida International University
   87. Amandine Catala, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)
   88. Lucius Caviola, Researcher in Moral Psychology, Harvard University
   89. Richard Yetter Chappell, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Miami
   90. Jonathan Chen, Instructor in Ethics/Philosophy, Sacramento State University
   91. Andrew Chignell, Professor in Human Values, Philosophy, and Religion, Princeton University
   92. Ryoa Chung, co-Directrice du Centre de recherche en éthique / professeure titulaire philosophie, Université de Montréal
   93. Chris Ciocchetti, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Centenary College of Louisiana
   94. Mich Ciurria, Crip Feminist Philosopher, University of Missouri-St. Louis 
   95. Stephen R.L. Clark, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, University of Liverpool
   96. Dale Clark, Researcher in Ethics and Epistemology, University of South Dakota 
   97. Alasdair Cochrane, Professor of Political Theory, University of Sheffield
   98. Yolandi M. Coetser, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, North West University, South Africa
   99. Simon Coghlan, Senior Lecturer in AI and Digital Ethics, The University of Melbourne
   100. Zac Cogley, Researcher, Privately affiliated
   101. Mara-Daria Cojocaru, Doctor in Philosophy, Munich School of Philosophy
   102. Peter Cole, Associate Professor Indigenous and Ecojustice Education, University of British Columbia
   103. Raffaella Colombo, Researcher in Moral Philosophy, Università degli Studi di Milano
   104. Gary Comstock, Alumni Distinguished Undergraduate Professor, North Carolina State University
   105. Sophia Connell, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, Birkbeck College, University of London
   106. Steve Cooke, Associate Professor of Political Theory, University of Leicester
   107. Guillaume Coqui, Maître de conférences en philosophie moderne et contemporaine, Université de Bourgogne
   108. Raymond Corbey, Professor of Philosophy of Science and Anthropology, Leiden University
   109. Frédéric Côté-Boudreau, Enseignant en philosophie au collégial, Collège de Maisonneuve
   110. Jackson Coy, Philosopher, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
   111.        Alice Crary, University Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, New School for Social Research
   112. Luciano Carlos Cunha, PhD in Ethics and Political Philosophy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
   113. Simon Cushing, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Michigan-Flint
   114. Jennifer Daigle, PhD Candidate in Philosophy, Yale University 
   115. Anya Daly, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy and Ethics, University of Tasmania
   116. Emilie Dardenne, Maîtresse de conférences en études anglophones et animal studies, Université Rennes 2
   117. Ben Davies, Research Fellow, University of Oxford
   118. Gabriele De Angelis, Researcher in Political Theory, NOVA University of Lisbon
   119. Ramiro De Ávila Peres, Researcher in Political Philosophy, NOVA University of Lisbon
   120. Brenda De Groot, Researcher in Primatology and Critical Animal Studies, Leiden University
   121. Javier de Lucas, Full Professor of Legal and Political Philosophy, Human Rights Institute, University of Valencia, Spain
   122. David DeGrazia, Elton Professor of Philosophy, George Washington University
   123. Konstantin Deininger, Doctoral Candidate in Animal Ethics and Moral Philosophy, University of Vienna 
   124. Nicolas Delon, Associate Professor of Philosophy and Environmental Studies, New College of Florida
   125. Lara Denis, Professor of Philosophy, Agnes Scott College
   126. Tristan Derham, Associate Researcher, University of Tasmania
   127. Evgeniy Derzhivitskyi, Philosophical Sciences, PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Ethics, Saint Petersburg State University
   128. Philippe Devienne, Dr Philosophie, D.M.Vétérinaire, Paris-Sorbonne, ENV Alfort
   129. Annalisa Di Mauro, Research Fellow in Moral Philosophy, University of Genoa and member of EtApp (Laboratory for Applied Ethics Research)
   130. Jonathan H. Dickstein, Assistant Professor in Religion, Carleton College
   131. Paulette Dieterlen, Researcher at Institute on Philosophical Research, National University of Mexico
   132. Peter Dietsch, Professeur, University of Victoria
   133. Susan Dimock, Professor of Philosophy and University Professor, York University 
   134. Vitor Manuel Dinis Pereira, Researcher, LanCog, Centre of Philosophy, University of Lisbon
   135. Tyler Doggett, Professor of Philosophy, University of Vermont
   136. Daniel A. Dombrowski, Professor of Philosophy, Seattle University 
   137. Brianne Donaldson, Associate Professor, University of California, Irvine
   138. Alfonso Donoso, Associate Professor of Political Theory & Applied Ethics, P. Universidad Católica de Chile
   139. Kaila Draper, Professor of Philosophy, University of Delaware
   140. Marie-Josée Drolet, Full Professor and ethicist, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
   141. Jan Dutkiewicz, Postdoctoral Fellow, Swiss National Science Foundation
   142. Heather Eaton, Full Professor, Saint Paul University, Ottawa
   143. Rainer Ebert, International Research Associate, University of Dar es Salaam
   144. William Edelglass, Moral Philosophy, Emerson College and the Barre Center for Buddhist Studies
   145. Mylan Engel Jr, Professor of Philosophy, Northern Illinois University
   146. Erno Eskens, Philosopher, Independent
   147. Diego Exposito, PhD Candidate in Moral and Political Philosophy, The University of Sheffield
   148. Nadira Faber, Researcher in Psychology and Moral Philosophy, University of Oxford
   149. Tse Yip Fai, Researcher in AI Ethics, Princeton University, University Center for Human Values
   150. Arthur Falco de Lima, PhD Student in Animal Ethics, Federal University of Uberlândia
   151. Catia Faria, Assistant Professor / Researcher in Animal Ethics, Complutense University of Madrid
   152. Manuel Fasko, Researcher in History of Philosophy, University Basel
   153. Luc Faucher, Professeur, département de philosophie, Université du Québec à Montréal
   154. Andrew Fenton, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Dalhousie University
   155. Giuseppe Feola, Researcher in History of Ancient Philosophy and Science, University D’Annunzio, Italy 
   156. Laura Fernández, PhD in Communication, researcher in Critical Animal Studies, Centre for Animal Ethics, Universitat Pompeu Fabra
   157. Juan Antonio Fernández Manzano, Researcher in Political Philosophy, Complutense University of Madrid
   158. Estelle Ferrarese, Professeure de philosophie morale et politique, Université de Picardie-Jules Verne
   159. Arianna Ferrari, Senior Researcher, Independent scholar
   160. Andrew Fiala, Professor of Philosophy, California State University, Fresno
   161. Carrie Figdor, Professor, University of Iowa
   162. Iskra Fileva, Professor of Philosophy, University of Colorado, Boulder
   163. Sascha Benjamin Fink, Junior Professor for NeuroPhilosophy, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
   164. Stephen Finlay, Professor of Moral Philosophy, Australian Catholic University
   165. Bob Fischer, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Texas State University
   166. Corrado Fizzarotti, Researcher in Environmental Ethics, National Research Council of Italy 
   167. Will Fleisher, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Georgetown University
   168. Leticia Flores Farfán, Researcher, National Autonomous University of Mexico
   169. Lisa Forsberg, Research Fellow, University of Oxford
   170. Björn Freter, Lecturer, SOAS University of London
   171. Katy Fulfer, Associate Professor of Philosophy and Gender & Social Justice, researcher in bioEthics and animal Ethics, University of Waterloo
   172. Elisa Galgut, Philosophy Professor, University of Cape Town
   173. Dmitri Gallow, Senior Research Fellow, Dianoia Institute of Philosophy, Australian Catholic University
   174. Harold Gamble, Emeritus Philosophy Teacher, Colorado State University 
   175. Andrea Gammon, Assistant Professor, Ethics & Philosophy of Technology, TU Delft
   176. Molly Gardner, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Florida
   177. Gabriel Garmendia Da Trindade, Lecturer in Philosophy, Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS, campus Ibirubá)
   178. Aaron Garrett, Professor of Philosophy, Boston University
   179. Francisco Garrido, Profesor Titular de Universidad en Filosofía Moral, Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla / Universidad de Jaén
   180. Léon Gatien, Chercheur en éthique animale et philosophie décoloniale, Université de Sherbrooke 
   181. Benjamin Ghasemi, Postdoctoral Fellow, Colorado State University
   182. Martin Gibert, Chercheur en éthique de l’IA, Université de Montréal
   183. William Gildea, Researcher in Philosophy, University of Warwick
   184. Sven Gins, PhD Researcher, University of Groningen
   185. William-Philippe Girard, PhD Student, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières 
   186. Valéry Giroux, Chercheuse en éthique animale, Université de Montréal
   187. Ian Gold, Professor of Philosophy, McGill University
   188. Anahí Gabriela González, Doctora en Filosofía, Profesora Titular de Ética, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Latinoamericano de Estudios Críticos Animales
   189. John Goris, PhD Candidate in Animal Ethics, Macquarie University
   190. Richard Greene, Professor of Philosophy, Weber State University
   191. Jennifer Greenwood, Honorary Research Fellow, University of Queensland
   192. Lori Gruen, William Griffin Professor of Philosophy/Coordinator of Wesleyan Animal Studies, Wesleyan University
   193. Allen Habib, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Calgary
   194. John Hadley, Senior Lecturer, Western Sydney University 
   195. Thilo Hagendorff, Researcher in AI Ethics, University of Tübingen
   196. Simon Hailwood, Professor of Philosophy, University of Liverpool 
   197. Ishtiyaque Haji, Professor of Philosophy, University of Calgary
   198. Austen Hall, PhD Candidate, Yale University 
   199. Melinda Hall, Associate Professor and Chair of Philosophy, Stetson University
   200. Matthew C. Halteman, Professor of Philosophy, Calvin University 
   201. Naïma Hamrouni, Professeure en philosophie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
   202. Étienne Harnad, Professeur de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal
   203. Gerald Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, Massey University
   204. Victoria Harrison, Full Professor and Head of Department, University of Macau
   205. Ronnie Hawkins, Environmental philosopher, University of Central Florida (retired)
   206. Richard Healey, Associate Lecturer, University College London
   207. Yogi Hendlin, Assistant Professor of Environmental Philosophy, Erasmus University Rotterdam
   208. Kristien Hens, Research Professor & Bioethics, University of Antwerp 
   209. Blake Hereth, Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Massachusetts, Lowell
   210. Mark Herman, Lecturer in Philosophy, Arkansas State University
   211. Alejandro Herrera, Researcher in Animal and Environmental Ethics (retired), National University of Mexico
   212. Claudia Hogg-Blake, Humanities Teaching Fellow, University of Chicago
   213. Benjamin Hole, Contingent Faculty, Pacific University
   214. Daniel Hooley, Doctor, Capilano University
   215. Kai Horsthemke, Professor and Researcher in Animal Ethics and Animal Rights Education, University of the Witwatersrand 
   216. Oscar Horta, Faculty of Philosophy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
   217. Chris Howard, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, McGill University
   218. Michael Huemer, Professor of Philosophy, University of Colorado
   219. Rebekah Humphreys, Specialist in animal Ethics, University of Wales Trinity St David
   220. James Humphries, Lecturer in Philosophy, University of Glasgow
   221. Mark Hunyadi, Professeur de philosophie morale et politique, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgique
   222. Ramona Ilea, Professor of Philosophy & Department Chair, Pacific University
   223. Patricia Illingworth, Professor, Northeastern University
   224. David Ingram, Professor of Philosophy, Loyola University Chicago
   225. Ruth Irwin, Professor of Education, RMIT University, Melbourne
   226. Alison M. Jaggar, Professor Emerita, Philosophy and Women & Gender Studies, University of Colorado at Boulder
   227. Pankaj Jain, Professor, FLAME University
   228. Simon James, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Durham University
   229. Andrew Jampol-Petzinger, Visiting Assistant Professor, Grand Valley State University
   230. François Jaquet, Lecturer in Philosophy, Université de Strasbourg
   231. Anja Jauernig, Professor of Philosophy, New York University
   232. Kathie Jenni, Professor of Philosophy, University of Redlands 
   233. Sofia M. I. Jeppsson, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Umeå University, Sweden
   234. Diane Jeske, Professor of Philosophy, University of Iowa 
   235. Alexander Jeuk, Independent author and researcher, 
   236. Kyle Johannsen, Philosophy Instructor, Trent University
   237. Jane Johnson, Field philosopher, Macquarie University
   238. L Syd Johnson, Associate Professor, SUNY Upstate Medical University
   239. Drew Johnson, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Oslo
   240. Robert Jones, Associate Professor of Philosophy, California State University
   241. Jeff Jordan, Professor of Philosophy, University of Delaware
   242. Hrvoje Juric, Full Professor of Ethics and BioEthics, University of Zagreb
   243. Richard Kahn, Core Faculty in Education, Ed.D. in Educational and Professional Practice, Antioch University
   244. Gerasimos Kakoliris, Associate Professor in Contemporary Continental Philosophy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
   245. Julius Kapembwa, Lecturer in Philosophy and Applied Ethics, University of Zambia
   246. Bhanuraj Kashyap, PhD Candidate, Macquarie University
   247. Joel Kassiola, Professor of Political Science, San Francisco State University
   248. Michael Kates, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Saint Joseph’s University
   249. Tristan Katz, Researcher in Animal and Environmental Ethics, University of Fribourg
   250. Jason Kawall, Carl Benton Straub ’58 Endowed Chair in Culture and the Environment, Colgate University
   251. Lisa Kemmerer, Professor Emeritus, Montana State University ; Tapestry
   252. Jozef Keulartz, Emeritus Professor Environmental Philosophy, Radboud University
   253. David Killoren, Assistant Professor, Koc University
   254. Roland Kipke, Researcher in Ethics and Political Philosophy, Bielefeld University
   255. Joshua Kissel, Instructor in Philosophy and Religious Studies, Phillips Academy Andover
   256. Philip Kitcher, John Dewey Professor of Philosophy Emeritus, Columbia University
   257. Andrew Knight, Professor of Animal Welfare and Ethics, University of Winchester 
   258. Daniel Z. Korman, Professor of Philosophy, University of California, Santa Barbara
   259. Petra Kosonen, Postdoctoral Researcher in Moral Philosophy and Decision Theory, University of Texas at Austin
   260. Magdalena Kozhevnikova, Researcher in Animal Ethics, Warsaw University
   261. Victor Kumar, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Boston University
   262. Visa A. J. Kurki, Associate Professor of Jurisprudence, University of Helsinki
   263. Olena Kushyna, PhD Student in Ethics, Centre for Ethics as Study in Human Value, University of Pardubice
   264. Oskari Kuusela, Associate Professor in Philosophy, University of East Anglia
   265. Mickaël Labbé, Maître de Conférences en Esthétique et Philosophie de l’Art, Université de Strasbourg
   266. Bernd Ladwig, Professor for Political Theory and Philosophy, Freie Universität Berlin
   267. Hugh LaFollette, Emeritus Cole Chair in Ethics and Professor of Philosophy, University of South Florida 
   268. Arto Laitinen, Professor of Social Philosophy, Tampere University 
   269. Andy Lamey, Associate Teaching Professor, University of California, San Diego
   270. Igor Larionov, Associate Professor, Philosophical Sciences, PhD, Head of Philosophical Anthropology Department, Saint Petersburg State University
   271. Renan Larue, Professeur de littérature, Université de Californie à Santa Barbara
   272. Noa Latham, Associate Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, University of Calgary
   273. Megan Jane Laverty, Associate Professor of Philosophy and Education, Teachers College, Columbia University
   274. Andrew Lee, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Australian National University
   275. Jonathan Leighton, Author, Ethicist and Executive Director of the Organisation for the Prevention of Intense Suffering (OPIS)
   276. Ana Leite, Associate Professor in Social and Organisational Psychology, Durham University
   277. Noa Levin, Researcher in Political Philosophy, Centre Marc Bloch, Berlin
   278. Abigail Levin, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Niagara University 
   279. Neil Levy, Professor of Philosophy, Macquarie University
   280. Fabiola Leyton Donoso, Researcher in BioEthics, University of Barcelona
   281. Patrick Lin, Professor of Philosophy, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 
   282. Erich Linder, PhD Candidate in Animal Ethics, University of Vienna 
   283. Andrew Linzey, The Revd Professor, Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
   284. Clair Linzey, Deputy Director, Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics 
   285. David Lockwood, Researcher in Moral Philosophy, Cardiff University
   286. Farhana Loonat, Department Chair, Political Science and Philosophy, Skagit Valley College
   287. Mianna Lotz, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
   288. Michael Loughlin, Professor of Applied Philosophy, University of West London
   289. Hilda Nely Lucano Ramírez, Professor and Researcher in Animal Ethics and Law, Universidad de Guadalajara
   290. Simon Lumsden, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
   291. Joe Lynch, Professor of Philosophy, California Polytechnic State University 
   292. David Lyreskog, Researcher in NeuroEthics, University of Oxford
   293. David Macauley, Associate Professor of Philosophy and Environmental Studies, Penn State Brandywine
   294. Joel MacClellan, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Loyola University New Orleans
   295. Colin Macleod, Professor, University of Victoria
   296. Jocelyn Maclure, Professeur de philosophie, McGill University
   297. Els Maeckelberghe, Associate Professor of Medical Ethics, University Medical Center Groningen
   298. Pablo Magaña, PhD Student, Pompeu Fabra University 
   299. Filip Maj, Lecturer, Macquarie University
   300. Elodie Malbois, Postdoctoral Researcher, Université de Genève
   301. Alejandra Mancilla, Professor of Philosophy, University of Oslo
   302. Moya Mapps, PhD Candidate, Yale Department of Philosophy
   303. Joel Marks, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, University of New Haven
   304. Angela Martin, Professeure assistante en éthique, Université de Bâle
   305. Alma Massaro, Lecturer in Animal Ethics, Genoa University
   306. Jeffrey M. Masson, Professor and Writer on animal emotions, University of Auckland
   307. Bruce Maxwell, Researcher in education, University of Montreal
   308. Joseph-Marie Mbonda, Professeur et chercheur en éthique, Université des Montagnes, Bangangté, Cameroun
   309. Joan McGregor, Professor of Philosophy, Arizona State University
   310. Leemon McHenry, Professor Emeritus, California State University, Northridge
   311. Erin McKenna, Professor of Philosophy, University of Oregon
   312. Jeff McMahan, Sekyra and White’s Professor of Moral Philosophy, University of Oxford
   313. Tristram McPherson, Professor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University
   314. Eva Meijer, Researcher in Political Philosophy, University of Amsterdam
   315. Garret Merriam, Associate Professor of Philosophy, California State University, Sacramento
   316. Debra Merskin, Professor, University of Oregon
   317. Heidi Mertes, Associate Professor in Medical Ethics, Ghent University
   318. Thaddeus Metz, Professor of Philosophy, University of Pretoria
   319. Letitia Meynell, Professor of Philosophy and Gender and Women’s Studies, Dalhousie University
   320. Ricardo Miguel, Researcher in Animal Ethics, University of Lisbon
   321. Emilian Mihailov, Researcher in Applied Ethics, University of Bucharest
   322. Josh Milburn, Lecturer in Political Philosophy and British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow, Loughborough University
   323. Becky Millar, Postdoctoral Researcher in Philosophy, University of York
   324. Kristie Miller, Professor, The University of Sydney
   325. Karen Mizell, Professor of Philosophy, Utah Valley University
   326. Madhavi Mohan, PhD Candidate in Philosophy, University of Western Ontario
   327. Mayahuel Mojarro, PhD student, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
   328. Susana Monsó, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
   329. Macarena Montes, Researcher in Animal Ethics and Law, Pompeu Fabra University
   330. Nicolae Morar, Associate Professor of Environmental Studies and Philosophy, University of Oregon
   331. Alexander Morgan, Assistant Professor, Rice University
   332. Jeffrey Morgan, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of the Fraser Valley
   333. Brandon Morgan-Olsen, Advanced Lecturer in Philosophy, Loyola University Chicago
   334. Sébastien Motta, Maître de conférence en Philosophie et Logique, Aix-Marseille Université 
   335. Cristian Moyano Fernández, Postdoctoral Researcher in Environmental Ethics, Philosophy of Public Health and Food Ethics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
   336. Nicola Mulkeen, Lecturer in Political Philosophy, Newcastle University
   337. Nico Dario Müller, Postdoctoral Researcher in Ethics, University of Basel
   338. Josh Mund, Visiting Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Tulane University
   339. Hichem Naar, Researcher in Philosophy, University of Duisburg-Essen
   340. Carlos Naconecy, Researcher in Animal Ethics, Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
   341. Christian Nadeau, Professeur en philosophie politique, Université de Montréal
   342. Eddy Nahmias, Professor of Philosophy and Chair, Georgia State University
   343. Yamikani Ndasauka, Doctor, University of Malawi
   344. Christina Nellist, President of Pan Orthodox Concern for Animals Charity, Fellow of Ferrater Mora Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics, Oxford UK
   345. Nathan Nobis, Professor of Philosophy, Morehouse College
   346. John Nolt, Professor Emeritus, Logic and Environmental Ethics, University of Tennessee
   347. Alastair Norcross, Professor of Philosophy, University of Colorado Boulder
   348. Christopher Norris, Professor of Philosophy, Cardiff University
   349. Howard Nye, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Alberta
   350. Gary David O’Brien, DPhil Student in Philosophy, University of Oxford
   351. Tim Oakley, Researcher in Ethics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
   352. Tzofit Ofengenden, Doctor, Tulane University
   353. Markku Oksanen, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, University of Eastern Finland
   354. Gustavo Ortiz Millan, Researcher in animal Ethics, National Autonomous University of Mexico
   355. Maude Ouellette-Dube, Researcher in Ethics and Animal Ethics, University of Fribourg
   356. Christine Overall, Professor Emerita of Philosophy and University Research Chair, Queen’s University at Kingston
   357. Ibrahim Ozdemir, Professor of Philosophy and Ethics, President of Forum on Environmental Ethics, Uskudar University, Turkey
   358. Burkay Ozturk, Senior Lecturer of Philosophy, Texas State University
   359. Eze Paez, Beatriu de Pinós Postdoctoral Fellow, Pompeu Fabra University
   360. Patricia Palulis, Associate Professor, University of Ottawa
   361. Eleni Panagiotarakou, Researcher, Concordia University
   362. Juliette Parada Rincón, Research in Animal Ethics, Universidad Santo Tomás, Colombia
   363. Rachel Robison-Greene, Assistant Professor, Utah State University
   364. Stephen Pattison, Emeritus Professor of Religion, Ethics and Practice, University of Birmingham
   365. Wouter Peeters, Associate Professor of Global Ethics, University of Birmingham, UK
   366. Corine Pelluchon, Professeur de philosophie, Université Gustave Eiffel
   367. David Pena-Guzman, Associate Professor, SFSU
   368. Angie Pepper, Lecturer in Philosophy, University of Roehampton
   369. Eoin Perry, PhD Student in Philosophy of Science, University of Bristol
   370. Erik Persson, Researcher in applied Ethics, Lund University
   371. Ingmar Persson, Professor of Philosophy, University of Gothenburg 
   372. Keith Peterson, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Colby College
   373. Glen Pettigrove, Chair of Moral Philosophy, University of Glasgow
   374. Silvina Pezzetta, Researcher in Animal Law and Animal Ethics, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires 
   375. Benedetta Piazzesi, Chercheuse en histoire et philosophie des sciences de la vie, CRH (EHESS, Paris)
   376. Jessica Pierce, Bioethicist, University of Colorado
   377. Alexis Piquemal, Enseignant, Lycée Gustave Eiffel et Université de Bourgogne
   378. Arina Pismenny, Associate Instructional Professor in Philosophy, University of Florida
   379. Nigel Pleasants, Senior lecturer in Philosophy and Sociology, University of Exeter
   380. Simone Pollo, Associate Professor of Moral Philosophy, Sapienza University of Rome
   381. Veronica Ponce, Philosophy teacher, Marianopolis College, Canada
   382. Elliot Porter, Lecturer in Bioethics, Brighton and Sussex Medical School
   383. Constantinos Proimos, Doctor of Philosophy and Assistant Professor of History and Theory of Architecture, University of Patras, Greece
   384. Evangelos Protopapadakis, Associate Professor in Applied Ethics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
   385. Joëlle Proust, Directrice de recherche émérite au CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris
   386. Alicia Puleo, Senior Lecturer in Moral and Political Philosophy, University of Valladolid
   387. Stephen Puryear, Associate Professor of Philosophy, North Carolina State University
   388. Pierre-Yves Quiviger, Professeur de philosophie du droit, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
   389. Ana Cristina Ramirez Barreto, Researcher in BioEthics, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo
   390. Shyam Ranganathan, Faculty member, Department of Philosophy, and York Centre for Asian Research, York University
   391. Vardit Ravitsky, Professor, University of Montreal
   392. Hili Razinsky, Researcher, LanCog, Centre of Philosophy, University of Lisbon
   393. Paul Redding, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, University of Sydney
   394. Amy Reed-Sandoval, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Nevada Las Vegas
   395. Philippe Reigné, Agrégé des facultés de droit, professeur titulaire de chaire, Conservatoire national des arts et métiers
   396. Tim Reijsoo, Philosopher, University of Amsterdam
   397. Kurt Remele, Professor Emeritus in Ethics, University of Graz
   398. Hannah Rheinz, Dr. Phil., Psychologist, Animal Ethicist, Independant
   399. Samuel Rickless, Professor of Philosophy, University of California San Diego
   400. Eduardo Rincón Higuera, Investigador en temas de Éticas Interespecie, Éticas Ecológicas y Ecosofías, Universidad Externado de Colombia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
   401. Raffaele Rodogno, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Aarhus University
   402. Luke Roelofs, Researcher in Philosophy, New York University
   403. Chandler Rogers, Instructor, Boston College
   404. Wendy Rogers, Distinguished Professor in Clinical Ethics, Macquarie University, Sydney
   405. Simon Rosenqvist, Researcher in applied Ethics, Department of Global Political Studies, Malmö University
   406. Mark Rowlands, Professor and Chair, Department of Philosophy, University of Miami 
   407. Alain Roy, Professeur titulaire, Faculté de droit de l’Université de Montréal
   408. Ricardo Rozzi, Professor in Environmental Ethics and Biocultural Conservation, Subantarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Department of Philosophy and Religion & Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, USA & Universidad de Magallanes, Chile 
   409. Rafael Ruiz de Lira, PhD Student in Philosophy, London School of Economics
   410. Colin P. Ruloff, Instructor of Philosophy, Kwantlen Polytechnic University
   411. Emma Ruttkamp, Professor of Philosophy, researcher in AI Ethics, University of Pretoria & Centre for AI Research
   412. Richard Ryder, PhD, Ex Cambridge, UK
   413. Benjamin Sachs-Cobbe, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, University of St. Andrews
   414. John Sanbonmatsu, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
   415. Jawara Sanford, Adjunct Associate Professor, Saint Louis University, Madrid Campus
   416. Steve Sapontzis, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, California State University, East Bay
   417. Işık Sarıhan, Postdoctoral Researcher in Philosophy, Independent
   418. Sahotra Sarkar, Professor of Philosophy and Integrative Biology, University of Texas
   419. Carl Saucier-Bouffard, Professeur, 
   420. Hanno Sauer, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Utrecht University 
   421. Lara Scaglia, Researcher in History of Philosophy and Ethics, Warsaw University
   422. Frank Schalow, Professor of Philosophy, University of New Orleans
   423. Anders Schinkel, Associate Professor of Philosophy of Education, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands 
   424. Andreas Schmidt, Associate Professor in Political Philosophy, University of Groningen
   425. Sebastian Schmidt, Postdoctoral researcher in Epistemology, University of Zurich
   426. Friederike Schmitz, Philosopher in Animal Ethics, Independent scholar
   427. Miriam Schoenfield, Associate Professor Philosophy, University of Texas
   428. Vanessa Scholes, Applied philosopher and learning designer, Open Polytechnic Kuratini Tuwhera
   429. Udo Schüklenk, Professor and Ontario Research Chair in Bioethics, Queen’s University
   430. Bart Schultz, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, Director of the Civic Knowledge Project, University of Chicago
   431. Marcus Schultz-Bergin, Assistant College Lecturer in Philosophy, Cleveland State University 
   432. Lucia Schwarz, Teaching Assistant Professor, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 
   433. Jeff Sebo, Clinical Associate Professor of Environmental Studies, Affiliated Professor of BioEthics, Medical Ethics, Philosophy, and Law, and Director of the Animal Studies M.A. Program, New York University
   434. Jérôme Segal, Maître de conférences en histoire et philosophie des sciences, Sorbonne Université, Paris
   435. Elodie Serra, Doctorante en philosophie, Université de Nice
   436. Dunja Šešelja, Professor, Ruhr University Bochum
   437. Hilal Sezgin, Researcher in Animal Ethics, Lueneburg, Germany
   438. Steven Shakespeare, Professor of Continental Philosophy of Religion, Liverpool Hope University
   439. Hasana Sharp, Associate Professor of Philosophy, McGill University
   440. Yonatan Shemmer, Doctor, University of Sheffield
   441. Minna Shkul, Senior University Teacher in Feminist and Queer Studies, University of Sheffield
   442. Eli Shupe, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Texas at Arlington
   443. Dustin Sigsbee, Doctoral Candidate in Moral Philosophy, University of South Carolina
   444. Vlasta Sikimić, Researcher and Lecturer in Philosophy, University of Tübingen
   445. Mona Simion, Professor of Philosophy, University of Glasgow 
   446. Virginie Simoneau-Gilbert, Doctorante en philosophie, University of Oxford
   447. Peter Singer, Professor of BioEthics, Princeton University
   448. Doran Smolkin, Doctor of Philosophy, Kwantlen Polytechnic University
   449. Diana Soeira, Researcher in Philosophy & Economics and Public Policy, ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon, Portugal
   450. Ayhan Sol, Professor, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
   451. John Sorenson, Professor, Brock University
   452. Friderike Spang, Senior Researcher in Political Theory, University of Lausanne
   453. Simon Springer, Professor of Human Geography, University of Newcastle
   454. Susanne Sreedhar, Professor of Philosophy, Boston University 
   455. Gary Steiner, Professor of Philosophy emeritus, Bucknell University
   456. Christian Straßer, Professor, Ruhr University Bochum
   457. Robert Streiffer, Professor of Philosophy and Bioethics, University of Wisconsin-Madison
   458. Peter Suber, Professor of Philosophy Emeritus, Earlham College
   459. Alison Suen, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Iona University 
   460. David Svolba, Associate Professor in Philosophy, Fitchburg State University
   461. Jac. Swart, Researcher, University of Groningen 
   462. Jason Swartwood, Instructor of Philosophy, Saint Paul College
   463. Andrey Sychev, Professor of Philosophy, Mordovia State University
   464. Marta Tafalla, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
   465. Zeynep Talay Turner, Professor, Istanbul Bilgi University
   466. Agnes Tam, Assistant Professor in Philosophy, University of Calgary
   467. Robert Tappan, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Towson University
   468. Christine Tappolet, Professeure, Université de Montréal
   469. Aleksy Tarasenko-Struc, Clinical Ethics Fellow, Alden March BioEthics Institute, Albany Medical College
   470. Christian Tarsney, Researcher in Ethics and Decision Theory, University of Texas at Austin
   471. Angus Taylor, PhD, retired, University of Victoria
   472. Chloé Taylor, Professor, University of Alberta
   473. Larry Temkin, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, Rutgers University
   474. Camille Ternier, Chercheuse postdoctorale en philosophie politique et économique, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche en éthique de Montréal
   475. Areti Theofilopoulou, Researcher Fellow, Institute of Philosophy of the Czech Academy of Sciences
   476. Evan Thomas, Researcher in Ethics, Ohio State University
   477. Natalie Thomas, Adjunct Faculty, Philosophy and Fellow, Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics, University of Guelph
   478. Kramer Thompson, PhD Candidate, The Australian National University 
   479. Elliott Thornley, PhD Student in Philosophy, University of Oxford
   480. Travis Timmerman, Associate Professor, and Chair of the Philosophy Department, Seton Hall University
   481. Oxana Timofeeva, Professor in Philosophy, European University at St. Petersburg
   482. Inken Titz, Researcher in AI Ethics, Ruhr-Universität Bochum
   483. Zorana Todorovic, Researcher in Animal Studies, University of Belgrade 
   484. Fiorella Tomassini, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Groningen
   485. Mikel Torres, Adjunct Lecturer, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 
   486. Ioannis Trisokkas, Assistant Professor, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
   487. Jens Tuider, Ethicist, Independent
   488. Joseph Tuminello, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, McNeese State University
   489. Carla Turner, Philosopher of Animal Ethics, University of Pretoria, South Africa
   490. Richard Twine, Senior Lecturer in Social Sciences, Edge Hill University
   491. Gabriela Tymowski, Researcher in Animal Ethics, University of New Brunswick
   492. Peter Unger, Professor of Philosophy, New York University
   493. Peter Vallentyne, Professor, University of Missouri
   494. Kenneth Valpey, Researcher in Animal Ethics, Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies 
   495. Emnée Van Den Brandeler, PhD Candidate, University of Basel 
   496. Willem van der Deijl, Assistant Professor, Tilburg University
   497. Marie Van Loon, Research in epistemology, University of Zurich
   498. Pekka Vayrynen, Professor of Moral Philosophy, University of Leeds
   499. Ricardo Vega Ángeles, Doctoral Student in Moral Philosophy, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
   500. Angélica Velasco, Senior Lecturer in Moral and Political Philosophy, University of Valladolid, Spain
   501. Samantha Vice, Distinguished Professor in Philosophy, University of the Witwatersrand
   502. Elly Vintiadis, Associate Lecturer in Philosophy, The American College of Greece 
   503. Tatjana Višak, Researcher Animal Ethics, University of Mannheim
   504. Kristin Voigt, Associate Professor, McGill University
   505. Ilias Voiron, PhD Student in Philosophy and Environmental Humanities, Jean-Moulin Lyon 3 University & University of Fribourg 
   506. Rose Mary Volbrecht, Professor of Ethics Emeritus, Gonzaga University 
   507. Anabel von der Osten-Sacken, PhD Student in Animal Studies, Universität Hamburg 
   508. Kocku Von Stuckrad, Professor of Religious Studies, University of Groningen
   509. Kirstin Waldkoenig, Doctoral Student and Environmental Ethicist, University of Oregon
   510. Lisa Warden, Researcher, Animals & Society Research Initiative, University of Victoria
   511. Kari Weil, Professeur de Lettres, Wesleyan University
   512. Jennifer Welchman, Professor of Philosophy, University of Alberta
   513. Daniel Weltman, Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Ashoka University, India
   514. Michelle Westerlaken, Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Cambridge (UK)
   515. Monique Whitaker, Lecturer in Philosophy, University of KwaZulu-Natal
   516. Markus Wild, Professor of Philosophy, University of Basel
   517. Hayden Wilkinson, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Philosophy, University of Oxford
   518. Cynthia Willett, Professor, Emory University
   519. Andrew Williams, ICREA Research Professor, Pompeu Fabra University
   520. Sean Winkler, Lecturer of Philosophy, Loyola Marymount University/University of Redlands 
   521. Jason M. Wirth, Professor of Philosophy, Seattle University 
   522. Matthew Wiseman, PhD Student, University of Southern California
   523. Daniel Wodak, Associate Professor of Philosophy and of Law, University of Pennsylvania
   524. Alex Wolf-Root, Visiting Assistant Professor, The Ohio State University
   525. Matthew Wray Perry, PhD Student in Animal Rights, The University of Manchester 
   526. Laura Wright, Professor of English & Founder of the field of Vegan Studies, Western Carolina University
   527. Ewa Wyrębska-Đermanović, Researcher in Political Philosophy, University of Bonn 
   528. Anna Yaroslavtseva, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Novosibirsk State Medical University
   529. Roger Yates, Lecturer in Sociology, University College of Dublin
   530. Jay Zameska, Junior Research Fellow, University of Tartu, Estonia
   531. Tzachi Zamir, Professor, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
   532. Sarah Zanaz, Doctorante en philosophie, Université de Strasbourg
   533. Miriam A. Zemanova, Research Associate, University of Fribourg, Switzerland 
   534. Rafael Ziegler, Associate Professor, HEC Montréal
   535. Anna C. Zielinska, Maîtresse de conférences en philosophie morale, juridique et politique, Université de Lorraine à Nancy

Source: 

https://greea.ca/%C3%A9v%C3%A8nement/launch-of-the-montreal-declaration-on-animal-exploitation/